Russian Post is the largest enterprise in our country. More than 370 thousand employees working in almost 42 thousand post offices. Each year, received and delivered more than 1.5 billion letters, almost 50 million parcels and approximately 114 million in remittances.
Often the Post of Russia helps us get things bought abroad via the Internet, thereby not overpay at times in local stores.
Report on how the postal service in Russia.
Report: Russos , top photo: shok_darvina
Automated sorting center
To look at how the processing of ever-increasing flow of mail and parcels, I went to a small press tour in Moscow regional automated sorting center (ASC), as well as a place of international postal exchange.
The Union has operated an automated sorting of letters, but with the collapse of the Soviet equipment was obsolete and decommissioned. Then came the new standard envelopes that could not be handled by older machines. Therefore, all correspondence will be sorted by hand.
ASC - is Russia's first automated sorting center, which serves most of the Central Region of Russia with a total population of more than 25 million people.
This modern plant was commissioned in 2009. At the moment it is the largest in Eastern Europe. Center is able to handle more than 3 million mail items per day, working for more than 5200 post offices. (Photo by Anton Akimov, clickable, 1800 x 754 px):
Enter ASC to accelerate the passage of postal services in the area of the center up to 2-3 days due to automation.
Earlier in the Central federal district administration were hand sorted first in the regional nodes of postal service, then - in the regional and, finally, in the sorting center in Moscow, now in these nodes are clustered mail only on containers and then sent to the ASC. Let's see what happens there.
This litsovochno-Stamp machine. On it by means of mechanical devices, analyzing standard (in size) letters and postcards are separated from the non-standard. Also, it automatically puts the letter in one position (litsevanie) and puts the letter calendar stamp and wavy lines to extinguish the brand. This equipment is prepared for processing messages on an automatic machine pismosortirovochnoy:
The fact that the machine could not handle, comes to hand litsevaniya site. Here the operators are separated non-standard letters with illegible code or address in a separate container, which will go to manual sorting. The remaining letters litsuyutsya and fed to an automated line:
Here is the machine for coding and sorting of letters. It sorts the standard letter size 220 × 110 mm and 114 × 162 mm:
At the beginning of treatment Coding machines convert number and letter of the address of the conditional code that is printed on the letter. Further, the coded information of mailing address is scanned by the device with an optical sensor:
For an hour this machine is able to sort 42,000 letters.
After processing the message is automatically classified by targeted cells. Operators are removed from the cell packs split mail and placed in containers that are sent to the final stages of sorting - preparation of documents and e-mail sent the following areas:
At a nearby site is wrapping gifts from Santa Claus:
Soon new year!
And this machine for coding and sorting of letters Format «flat» and registered mail. This equipment is sorted to a weight of 2.5 kg and not more than 25 mm. Litsevanie for this machine is only manually. But given that the vast majority of these letters - it's corporate email, the manual processing, usually boils down to, to get a packet of letters and stick to the car. In the hour it is capable of processing 16 000 items:
Personally, I was surprised by the number of private correspondence. I thought that she almost died away as useless. But there's containers with the post - to the horizon:
Machine for sorting packages and parcels. After coding and weighting parcel gets to the operators of the station, which should put it on tape barcode down on a special window where the code reading for the distribution of parcels:
Booting from the five lines (plus one line for large parcels), and then they come on a single conveyor. There is a clever system that fires a parcel with a lateral band on the main. Moreover, should get exactly the desired area. Watching this process, you can "zalipnut":
Then make your own trays are sorted and sent on for processing:
Advertising campaign, "Help the robots - write code properly" should be taken literally: Help biorobot engaged in video coding. If the index or address is not automatically recognized, the message is photographed and the picture is sent to operators who need to read the code, or address and enter it into the car. To this letter, the machine sets the delay, and if the operator does not enter the required information, the letter thrown in by hand sorting. One second - in recognition of the index and 7 seconds - to address.
For manual detection using a special keyboard. A program is designed so that does not require pressing Enter. If the machine can not read the code, the operator begins to enter it manually. Once the program decides that this is sufficient, the picture immediately changed to the following letter. And it all over again. IMHO, a horrible job. I was doubly surprised when I saw her not only girls but also boys.
Place international mail exchange
Then I went to MMPO (Place international mail exchange) in Moscow. If the automated sorting center - a modern enterprise, the MMPO still requires modernization. But this kind of "mail gateway" country. Through them passes thorough the entire international mail. In the photo - "Amber-1A", not the first freshness of the device for detection of radioactivity:
MMPO Moscow today is important and the largest destination of international mail exchange in the country:
There is a processing and customs clearance of most of the imported and exported mail. If you order something over the Internet and leave no income local shop with 100-percent wrap, then your parcel passes through the building:
Send different packages. For example, one parcel was detected by scanning the sword:
Since edged weapons prohibited for importation, the package is opened (which is drawn), and the sword itself will be sent back:
In 2009, Russia received about 200 thousand small packages a month. Now, this figure reaches 700-800 thousand (in the new year - up to one million!). This growth has demanded renovation of the old center infrastructure, development of new jobs for postal workers, and for customs officers.
In particular, the area was increased and clearance of imported written correspondence - the very small packages with your orders from online retailers.
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