Tuesday, December 20, 2011

RG2011... How to build a skyscraper in America

 

I for many years haunted this photo here, often found on posters and covers. And now all cleared up. Specifically, the question inside me was how these men came to the beam. I'm afraid of heights. Not that blissfully, but my occasional surreal dreams are related to the phenomenon of fear. When viewing photos and reading the text in my palms were sweating naturally fear



So, on how to build a skyscraper. RECOMMEND!


Many thanks for the found rudzin and a very interesting blog!






"Lunchtime atop a Skyscraper" (Lunch atop a skyscraper) - picture from the series "Construction Workers Lunching on a Crossbeam - 1932" Photographer Charles C. Ebbets

Such a miracle as a skyscraper, would not have been possible without the invention of steel frame. Assembling the steel frame - the most dangerous and difficult part of construction. It is the quality and speed of assembly frame determines whether the project is implemented on time and within budget.



That's why riveters - camaya important profession in the construction of a skyscraper.

Riveters - a caste with its own laws: the salary riveter working day $ 15, more than any skilled worker on a construction site, they do not go to work in the rain, wind or fog, they are not registered in the state contractor. They are not loners, they work teams of four people and is one of the teams could not go to work, does not leave anyone. Why, in the midst of the Great Depression look at it through my fingers all the investor to the superintendent?





On a platform of planks, or simply to steel beams is the coal stove. In the furnace, rivet - 10santimetrovye long and 3 centimeter diameter steel cylinders. "Cook", "cooking" rivets - small bellows into the furnace is driving the air to warm them up to the desired temperature. Rivet warmed (not too much - in the hole and provernetsya have its drill, and not too little - not saw off), you now need to pass the rivet where it will anchor the beam. What will be fixed when the beam is only known previously, and move the hot stove during the day impossible. So often the place of attachment is a "cook" in 30ti meters (thirty), and sometimes higher, sometimes lower on 2-3 floors.

Send a rivet can be only one way - to quit.

"Cook" turns to "keeper" and silently, making sure the goalie is ready to receive, tongs throws a red-hot 600grammovuyu disc in his direction. Sometimes, the trajectory already welded beam throw to once, just and strong.


"Goalkeeper" stands on a narrow platform, or just the bare ravine near the site of riveting. His goal - to catch a flying piece of metal tin ordinary tin can. He can not move, lest he fall. But he must catch the rivet, otherwise it is a small bomb will fall on the city.

"Shooter" and "stop" waiting. "Goalkeeper", catching rivet driving it into the hole. "Focus" on the outside of the building, hanging over the precipice, steel rod and its own weight keeps the hat rivets. "Shooter" 15-pound pneumatic hammer for a minute clench her other hand.

The best team is doing is the focus of more than 500 times per day, average - about 250ti.




The photographs - the best in the 1930m team, from left to right: "Cook", "goalkeeper", "stop" and the shooter. "

The danger of this work is illustrated by the following fact: the masons on the construction site shall be insured at a rate of 6% of salary, carpenters - 4%. Rate riveter - 25-30%%.

At Chrysler building killed one person.
On the Wall-Street-40, four died.
At the Empire State - five of them.

Frame skyscraper consists of hundreds of steel structures several meters long and weighing several tons, so-called beams. Keep them in the construction of a skyscraper nowhere - no one will organize a warehouse in the city center, in a dense development on municipal land. Moreover, all elements of design are different, each can be used in a single place, so an attempt to make even temporary storage, for example, one of the last constructed floors can lead to great confusion and disruption of construction time.

That's why when I wrote that the work riveters most important and most difficult, I did not mention that it is also the most dangerous and difficult. Work harder and more dangerous than they have - working the crane crew.

The order for beams has been agreed with steelmakers for a few weeks ago, trucks take them to the construction site to the minute, regardless of the weather they need to unload immediately.



Derrick - boom swivel, is built on the last floor installers - one floor above. Winch operator can be located on any floor of a building already built, because no one is going to stop the lift and distract other cranes for lifting heavy machinery on a few floors higher up for the convenience of installers. Therefore, raising the multi-ton channel, the operator does not see itself or beam, or a car that had brought her, or their friends.

The only guideline for management - a bell served as an apprentice at a signal brigade, located along with the entire team dozen floors above. Beat - includes motor hoist, blow - off. Nearby are several teams with their hammers, riveters (you ever heard the noise a jackhammer?), The other crane lifted the commands of their bells, other channels. Make a mistake and did not hear the kick can not - or rammed channel boom crane, or throw a set of vertical beams installers preparing to fix it.




Foreman, managing Derrick through the two operators, one of whom he sees, is seeking matching holes for rivets on the set of vertical beams with holes in the raised channel with an accuracy of 2-3 millimeters. Only after a couple of plumbers can fix swinging, often wet channel huge bolts and nuts.




In New York City on 6th Avenue, is a monument to these guys, installed in 2001, became the most famous model ph-ka, it is here in the first preview. So, did exactly the first monument in the photo, that is, 11 dudes sitting on the beam. And then the most extreme right was removed by the roots. And only because of the fact that he was holding a bottle of whiskey! I understand if I did have at the time of Gorbachev, but they had in 2001! Probably did not want to destroy the legend about the brave men. Now it's 10 quite decent guys sitting on a steel girder. Is normal. But somehow insulting.





















Many people wonder who is the author of these photos, it's no less courageous.

UPD of thepindostan Many reproductions of the image indicated that its authorship is unknown. However, Batman Archives, the owner of copyright in the photo, as a result of many months of examination carried out by private detective firm, has recognized the author photograph Ebbetsa . This happened in October 2003.

UPD 2 is the version that the work of these teams selected people who have no fear of heights from birth. It seems that the Indians of a tribe with a common congenital feature. That's just not known whether this is true
Here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohawk_peo ple have about mohavkov with 30s were in New York and it was noted that not afraid of heights. But Indians are not white, and all the chalk face in the photo ..

Monuments courageous builders


from http://al-commi.livejournal.com/



UPD 3
tospeak_isasin shared interesting information. The names of all these characters are known, thanks to relatives, you can read HERE

U PD 4

The building was built with the money of John D. Rockefeller Jr., son of the founder of the "Standard Oil", father of the current Rockefeller, a prominent supporter of the new world order. Wikipedia is written about him in his youth involvement in financial fraud. Information that serves the owners of these factories, newspapers, steamers, I would not trust. Building this - the largest financial enterprise, reports on the construction of victims could discourage potential tenants of premises, and without that, the building was unprofitable before 1950 are not completely filled. But the objectivity of the media, controlled by Freemasons - has long been destroyed myth. The building was to be the pillar of the "American Dream", and these myths are carefully nurtured. ( http://glaxo1.livejournal.com/ )

Builders skyscraper repeated legendary lunch at an altitude of 240 meters

Photo dated 1932, which the builders without insurance skyscraper lunch on 69 floor building under construction without insurance, spread throughout the Internet and has become legendary. Group of 11 workers in London decided to repeat the legendary frame and dined at an altitude of 240 meters above the ground. A bottle of whiskey was replaced with a can of cider, and some of the participants had to wear belay belts to avoid losing work.

Original photo made in 1932 in New York:

Строители небоскреба повторили легендарный обед на высоте 240 метров


Remake, made in New York in 2011:

Строители небоскреба повторили легендарный обед на высоте 240 метров

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