Ashaninka are one of the largest indigenous groups in South America. Their descendants were natives of the vast territories, from Brazil to Peru.
Since colonial times, they had a tough life: people went through their enslavement, their lands were destroyed, and in the late 20th century, they were embroiled in a bloody internal conflict.
Today on Asháninka comes another problem - the displacement from their homes more than 10 000 indigenous people because of the construction of a dam on the Rio Peruvian Annie, on the eastern slopes of the current South American Andes. This dam is part of a hydroelectric project of Brazilian and Peruvian governments who are working without any consultation with indigenous peoples.
A short story about a tribe Asháninka their homeland, and survival in the Amazon jungle. The story of "Avatar" on Earth. Photos of Mike Goldwater.
Ashaninka is the largest tribe in South America. Their home covers a huge area, from the upper river Zhurua (right tributary of the Amazon) to the Peruvian Andes. Over the last hundred years colonists, manufacturers of rubber, loggers, oil companies and the Maoist rebels invaded their land. Their history of oppression and theft of land is reflected in the lives of tribal peoples around the world.
Rainforests of Brazil along the river Enviro:
Asháninka thousands of years lived in the Peruvian jungle, where the foothills of the Andes, pass in the Amazon rainforest and semi-nomadic life (nomads - you can tell, people of no fixed abode).
In the late 19th century, some were forced to flee across the border in Acre - the state in northwest Brazil, Peru, where the government ceded vast tracts of tropical forests to foreign companies for the procurement of rubber and coffee plantations create. This led to the displacement of a large number of indigenous people from their lands. The so-called "rubber boom" that swept through this part of the Amazon jungle, destroyed 90 percent of indigenous slavery, abject cruelty and disease.
In the photo: a girl from the tribe, located in the Brazilian state of Acre:
Today in Brazil there are about 1000 members of the tribe Asháninka living along the river Amon, Breu and Enviro. The main part of Ashaninka still lives in Peru, their number is estimated at 70 000.
In the photo: Village Ashaninka tribe, located next to the river Breu, Brazil:
Ashaninka tribe in Brazil was able to escape the horrors of civil war, had come upon the Peruvian tribes in the 1980s - 90s. When in Peru began to flare up inner conflict and the terrorist organization of Peru under the name "Shining Path" guerrilla turned to armed struggle, indigenous peoples had to face numerous killings, the capture, torture and executions.
Ashaninka have experienced it all: slavery during the "rubber boom" of exile from their native territories, and the atrocities of the civil war that took place in Peru in 1980.
In the photo: preparing arrows for the bow hunter
Separated geographically, the various tribes Asháninka combine their lifestyle, language and faith. Ashaninka life is linked to their homeland - the Amazon jungle . Most of the time they spend hunting in tropical forests on tapirs, wild boars and monkeys.
In the photograph: a beginner hunter:
On their territories, they grow different crops: sweet potatoes (sweet potatoes), peppers, squash, bananas and pineapples. Conducting semi-nomadic Ashaninka periodically migrate from place to place, which allows tropical forests to recover naturally.
Children learn independence Ashaninka tribe - hunting and fishing - from a very early age. But not so simple. Illegal logging of mahogany and cedar from the 1980s, was to deprive Ashaninka, nestled in the Brazilian state of Acre, their native home - the rainforest. These were difficult times of hardship, poverty, and new diseases that had no immunity.
What is more offensive logging companies in the territory of indigenous peoples, the greater the likelihood that their children do not acquire the skills that are passed down from generation to generation. Ultimately, these skills and experience may just get lost and disappear ...
Asháninka paint their faces every day with paint made from the seeds of plants. Their make-up varies depending on the mood:
In the photo: Eagle Canyon is located in front - a sacred place for Ashaninka. In their mythology, this is the place where eagles gather the dead, which are then reborn eagles ...
In 2011, 15 communities Ashaninka from Peru and Brazil have teamed up to investigate the illegal activities of loggers on the Brazilian side of the border. The results of the 5-day expedition to the location of places of illegal logging of tropical forests have been recorded are the Brazilian authorities.
A group of local boys making a comb from the stems of bamboo:
In 2003, the tribe Asháninka living in the valley of the Rio Annie (upper Amazon), have been officially granted the rights to part of their ancestral lands. However, in 2010, the Brazilian and Peruvian governments signed an agreement which allows the Brazilian energy companies to build several large dams in Brazil, Peru and Bolivia the Amazon jungle.
In the photo: Valley of the Rio Annie, Peru:
2000-megavatnaya hydroelectric power station on the Rio Peruvian Eni may displace from their homes more than 10 000 indigenous people. During the construction of the dam will be destroyed thousands of acres of rainforest and flooded villages Asháninka located upstream.
According to the project, concrete walls of the dam on the Rio Peruvian Eni will rise above the valley at 165 meters. "The river is the Rio Eni heart and soul of our territory: it nourishes our forests, animals, plants, and, most importantly, our children," - says the man from the tribe of Ashaninka. "We will defend our right to live in this world and see this invasion as a threat to the existence of our people. We will fight the destruction of our forests. "
Work on the construction of the dam were carried out without any consultation with Ashaninka, which violates the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Now the dam until suspended by the decree of the new president of Peru.
In the photo: hunter:
This small victory for the indigenous people of the Amazon jungle has demonstrated that they can still survive and resist the many invasions from the outside. The whole history of Ashaninka - the largest tribe in South America - the struggle for the right to live in their own territory.
An aerial view of the valley of the Rio Eni - the home of Ashaninka in Peru:
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